From textbooks to tools: Why the tech education boom is building a brighter future

Dar es Salaam. The act of more than 300 students opting for technical education at the O-Level marks a transformative shift in mindset towards practical education in Tanzania, experts said on Saturday.

Education experts said that, alongside science, the inclusion of technical and vocational education at the secondary school level holds the key to unlocking a wealth of opportunities for young people and addressing societal challenges.

An education analyst, Dr Janeth Mushi, told The Citizen in an interview about the potential impact of technical education, stating, "Science has the ability to produce many scientific experts, but technical education can employ more young people and help solve many challenges in society; these are the areas to prioritise if we want to progress as a country."

This, she said, was a perspective that highlights the need for a balanced education system that recognises the value of both scientific and technical expertise.

The government's recent efforts to promote science studies have been commendable, evident in initiatives like the Samia Scholarship. However, experts argue that technical education deserves equal attention.

Dr Mushi mentioned the societal relevance of technical skills, noting that they can address daily challenges, making technical education an indispensable component of national progress.

The National Examination Council of Tanzania (Necta) announced the results of the 2023 Form Four national examination, revealing the success of students in technical subjects such as building construction, architectural drafting, and civil engineering surveying, where the pass rates ranged from 84.96 percent to 100.

In a bid to align education with the demands of the contemporary job market, the Ministry of Education, under Prof Adolf Mkenda, has introduced technical training as a specialised course.

Prof Mkenda highlighted the shift towards technical and vocational education, stating, "This is a practical-oriented (hands-on) education where, for this year, government schools that have been able to provide technical education are 28 and private 68, as we progress gradually."

The changes to the Education and Training Policy of 2014, 2023 edition, empower students to choose their educational paths based on their goals and aspirations.

This progressive approach, experts said, ensured students acquired the skills required in the labour market, fostering a generation of individuals capable of meeting the evolving demands of the workforce.

Beyond the statistics, the success stories of these technical education pioneers echo the sentiments of experts.

A graduate in Textile and Garment Construction, part of the subjects introduced, said, "This opportunity has not only equipped me with practical skills but has also opened doors to employment opportunities in industries that value hands-on expertise."

A specialist in education, Dr Thomas Jabir, said the shift towards technical education was not merely a response to the current job market but a strategic move to prepare students for a rapidly changing technological landscape.

He insisted on the necessity of adapting to the new methods and skills demanded by technology.

"Artificial intelligence can threaten a doctor's job, but not a car or phone mechanic. Even if it does happen, it won’t be very soon. But mostly people need to be able to be self-employed; this is the right way."

As the nation witnesses the success of these first technical education cohorts, Dr Jabir urges a broader understanding of the opportunities within the academic landscape.

“The inclusion of technical and vocational education alongside science studies becomes not just a choice but a necessity for individuals seeking holistic skill development and sustainable career paths,” he said.

The surge in the number of students opting for technical education at the O-Level marks a pivotal moment in Tanzania's education journey, he said.

“As the nation embraces this paradigm shift, it paves the way for a workforce equipped not only with theoretical knowledge but also with practical skills essential for societal advancement,” Dr Jabir asserted.